vu cs101 Mid Term Subjective Solved Past Paper No.2

CPD photolyase can bind to DNA in the dark by recognizing the altered DNA structure caused by a CPD formation rather than a specific nucleotide sequence.

This binding is about 10 5 tighter when a DNA segment contains a CPD than when it does not.

1. Half of the binding energy appears to come from interactions between enzyme and the DNA back bone.
2. The other half of energy comes from interactions between the FADH at the active site and the CPD.
3. However, the light harvesting antenna pigment does not influence binding.
4. Once the enzyme - DNA complex is formed, the CPD is flipped out of the DNA double helix and into the enzyme's active site.
5. After the CPD flips into the enzyme's active site, the energy of an absorbed photon is transferred from the light harvesting antenna pigment to the FADH
6. FADH then transfers an electron to the CPD to induce cyclobutane ring cleavage.
7. The catalytic cycle is completed when the electron is transferred back from the repaired thymine to the FADH cofactor.

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Control unit is a computerized part of the speech processor. Most of the controls, such as program, volume and sensitivity, are located on the control unit.

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A system architecture or systems architecture is the conceptual design that defines the structure and/or behavior of a system.

An architecture description is a formal description of a system, organized in a way that supports reasoning about the structural properties of the system designs it as an independent, selfcontained system

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" enqueue(X) " Place X at the rear/back of the queue. (page 87)

C++ references allow you to create a second name for the a variable that you can use to read or modify the original data stored in that variable.

main() {
int x;
int& foo = x;
// foo is now a reference to x so this sets x to 56
foo = 56;
std::cout << x <<std::endl;
}

In the last lecture we were discussing about reference variables, we saw three examples; call by value, call by reference and call by pointer. We saw the use of stack when a function is called by value, by reference or by pointer. The arguments passed to the function and local variables are pushed on to the stack. There is one important point to note that in this course, we are using C/C++ but the usage of stack is similar in most of the computer languages like FORTRAN and Java . The syntax we are using here is C++ specific, like we are sending a parameter by pointer using & sign. In Java, the native data types like int, float are passed by value and the objects are passed by reference. In FORTRAN, every parameter is passed by reference. In PASCAL, you can pass a parameter by value or by reference like C++. You might have heard of ALGOL, this language had provided another way of passing parameter called call by name.

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