vu eng301 Mid Term Subjective Solved Past Paper No.6

The persuasive message influences the audience by informing them and aiding their understanding. Persuasive messages aim to influence audiences who are inclined to resist, so they depend heavily on strategic planning. Page 76

We can achieve good organization by writing clear subject and purpose. All information should be related to the subject and purpose. We can achieve it by putting ideas in grouped and presented in a logical way and by including all necessary information. Page 50

Visual aids help in delivering the speeches and to accommodate.

Analysis Reports

The important thing to remember is that no report format isperfect. Company documentation standards attempt to resolve the issue by prescribing a format into which all analysis reports are poured. Report design should be flexible enough to meet a variety of writer purposes and audience needs.

Title page

A title page should be designed with visual order in mind. It should bebalanced from top to bottom and from left to right. It should provide enough information for readers to be able to tell what the context of the report is and what the report is about.

Abstracts

Abstracts are condensation of entire reports, focusing on the main issues: what was done, what was found out, and its significance. Abstracts are self-sufficient. The procedure for many companies is to take the abstract from the analysis report, copy it a number of times, circulate it to readers, and allow readers to order the full report if they feel like they need the information.

Table of contents

The table of contents provides an outline of analysis reports for readers who do not wish to read the entire report or flip through it looking for the section which contains what they are looking for. It should be made up of headings and subheadings of the report, word-for-word, with the accompanying page numbers.

List of symbols

This is an optional addition to the front matter of an analysis report.

Include it if you think the readers will need to have symbols defined. The same thing applies to the inclusion of a glossary.

Introduction

This is the place for the three-part purpose statement introduction. It will orient readers to the main issue of the report, to the technical issues or specifics which are important to the report, and to what the report is intended to accomplish.

Discussion

The discussion contains an analysis of the technical issues important to the report. It supports the main issue to the report by providing evidence and explanations. It should be subdivided into topics, each with a subheading.

Conclusion

This section presents the results of the analysis, the evaluation of what was presented in the discussion. Sometimes listing the conclusion is a good way to organize them. It calls attention to the conclusion individually, but still enables writers to explain them as is necessary.

Recommendations

Recommendations are optional, not all analysis reports havethem. Those reports that do have recommendations, tell the readers what to do with the information provided in the report.

Appendix

Usually this would include derivations of equations, tables of raw data,sample equations, and so forth. But the only way to be certain that what is placed in the appendix belongs there is to assess it within the context of audience needs

Writer's Block

Writer's block is what we call the experience of getting stuck while writing. Although the results are the same, there are many sources of writer's block: lack of information, lack of a well defined purpose, poor knowledge of the audience, lack of confidence.

Lack of Information

If it is the result of poor research, then you will have to stop writing and do more information gathering. If you find yourself doing this often, you might correctly guess that you have a problem in defining your communication purpose.

Lack of a Well-Defined Purpose

A poorly defined purpose of your communication will inevitably make writing more difficult, and may block it altogether. Sometimes you will experience this as a lackof information; often you will notice it as paragraphs, sections, or entire reports or papers that shift topic in the middle. For any case of poorly defined purpose, the solution is the same. Develop a three-part purpose statement for the communication, and develop an outline of topics sentences based on the purpose statements.

Poorly Analyzed Audience

Audience analysis that is performed poorly or not at all can be the source of writer's block. At such times you find yourself staring at the video display screen wondering who is going to read your report and what on earth they want from it.

Lack of Confidence

A lack of confidence in your abilities as a writer is a common source of writer's block, and it is usually self-fulfilling. If you do not think you can communicate effectively, you will not be able to practice your systematic approaches of writing problems is the solution to this problem.

Organizational Problems

Organizational problems are discovered during the editing phase. Finding and fixing these problems is what makes editing important. If they are not fixed, readers experience organization problems as complete breakdowns in communication.

Punctuation Problems

Accurate punctuation does not ensure accurate communication, but accurate communication is tremendously enhanced by accurate punctuation. Take the following punctuation test, without first looking at the correct version which follows, to see how well you know punctuation. The test focuses on the most common punctuation problems in technical writing.

When constructing a bar graph with negative values, you follow the steps outlined in the last unit on Constructing Bar Graphs, paying close attention to the scale of the frequency axis.

Since there are negative values, the scale of this axis will not start at zero.

To re-structure the leaflets, manuals, standard letters or customer service letters, to make them concise, clear and effective.

Editing gives documents an indispensable proofreading tool that not only catches plagiarism, grammar and style mistakes, but also delivers instructional feedback that serves to make students better writers

Use your visual aids to maintain and revive audience interest. Visual aids, especially those involving color and movement, are much better at getting back the audience's attention than any words you may have for them. Keep going, and things usually get better. Things usually get better, and your audience will silently be wishing you success.

1. This is a simple formula aimed at locating the audience on a grade scale which is supposedly based on their reading abilities.
2. Select a part of the text which is approximately 100 words long, to the nearest period. Introductions, leads, and conclusions usually exhibit slightly different communication techniques which will skew the accuracy of this test.
3. Count the number of sentences in the selected text.
4. Determine the average length of sentences by dividing the number of words in the text by the number of sentences.
5. Count the number of words which have three or more syllables. But do not count words which are capitalized, words which have three syllables because prefixes or suffixes have been added, or words which are combinations of one- or two-syllable words.
6. Add the number for the average sentence length to the number of three-syllable words in the text.
7. Multiply this sum by .04.
8. The result is the Fog Index. If you place it on a scale of 1-20, you will be able to have the approximate reading level required to understand the text.

Developing formal speeches and presentations Developing a major speech or presentation is much like writing a formal report, with one nique to an oral communication channel. This is both an opportunity and a challenge. The opportunity lies in the interaction that's possiblebetween you and the audience.